Iran says progress made in nuclear talks but key issues remain

After former U.S. President Donald Trump ditched the deal three years ago and reimposed sanctions on Iran, Tehran has been rebuilding stockpiles of enriched uranium, enriching it to higher levels of fissile purity and installing advanced centrifuges to speed up production.

Iran’s top nuclear negotiator doubted that the talks would be the final round, and the delegations might need to return to their capitals for consultations.

“The negotiations are very complex and we have now reached the main issues of dispute,” Abbas Araqchi, told state TV from Vienna.

Iran’s reversal of its various breaches of the deal, and its enrichment with advanced centrifuges and production of uranium metal, are some of the remaining issues, according to sources familiar with the talks.

U.S. President Joe Biden has said Washington will return to the pact if Tehran first resumes compliance with its strict limits on uranium enrichment, a potential pathway to nuclear bombs.

“All sanctions should be lifted and then it should be verified by Iran … then we will reverse our nuclear steps,” Khatibzadeh said.

In looking for a path back to the accord, Washington is tiptoeing through a minefield laid by Trump. Iran-related sanctions have been imposed on more than 700 entities and people, according to a Reuters tally of U.S. Treasury actions.

Iran demands all sanctions imposed under Trump – those tied to its nuclear programme, and non-nuclear penalties such as those linked to terrorism, missile development and human rights – should be rolled back.

“This is one of the key issues that has slowed down the talks. All sanctions, whether nuclear or non-nuclear, imposed by Trump should be lifted,” an Iranian official told Reuters.

Trump blacklisted about two dozen institutions vital to Iran’s economy, including its central bank and national oil company, using U.S. laws designed to punish foreign actors for supporting terrorism or weapons proliferation.

His decision to blacklist Iran’s elite Revolutionary Guards (IRGC), and its Quds Force foreign paramilitary and espionage arm, as a Foreign Terrorist Organization has also complicated matters.

The IRGC also an industrial empire whose political influence is expected to grow after Iran’s June presidential election, when a hardline president close to the elite force is expected to win.